The conjugations and English meanings are automatically generated and not all forms are always relevant for all verbs. This is for a guide only - please double-check if you need to use the information for something important!
| Verb Class | 2 ~ Ichidan ~ 一段 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stem | ne - 寝 | ||||
| Te form | nete寝て | ||||
| Infinitive | ne 寝 | ||||
| | Positive | Negative | |||
| sleep, go to bed, will sleep, go to bed | don't sleep, go to bed, won't sleep, go to bed | ||||
| Present Indicative | Plain | neru 寝る | nenai 寝ない | ||
| Polite | nemasu 寝ます | nemasen 寝ません | |||
| lets sleep, go to bed, will probably sleep, go to bed | let's not sleep, go to bed, probably won't sleep, go to bed | ||||
| Presumptive \ Volitional | Plain | neyō 寝よう neru darō 寝る だろう | nenai darō 寝ない だろう | ||
| Polite | nemashō 寝ましょう neru deshō 寝るでしょう | nenai deshō 寝ないでしょう | |||
| sleep, go to bed! | don't sleep, go to bed! | ||||
| Imperative | Plain | nero 寝ろ | neru na 寝るな | ||
| Polite | nete kudasai 寝て ください | nenai de kudasai 寝ないで ください | |||
| slept, have slept | didn't sleep, go to bed, haven't slept | ||||
| Past Indicative | Plain | neta 寝た | nenakatta 寝なかった | ||
| Polite | nemash*ta 寝ました | nemasen desh*ta 寝ませんでした | |||
| probably slept | probably didn't sleep, go to bed | ||||
| Past Presumptive | Plain | netarō 寝たろう neta darō 寝ただろう | nenakatta darō 寝なかっただろう | ||
| Polite | neta deshō 寝たでしょう | nenakatta deshō 寝なかったでしょう | |||
| sleeping | not sleeping | ||||
| Present Progressive | Plain | nete iru 寝て いる | |||
| Polite | nete imasu 寝て います | nete imasen 寝て いません | |||
| was sleeping | wasn't sleeping | ||||
| Past Progressive | Plain | nete ita 寝て いた | |||
| Polite | nete imash*ta 寝て いました | nete imasen desh*ta 寝て いませんでした | |||
| Provisional Conditional eba | Plain | nereba 寝れば | nenakereba 寝なければ | ||
| Polite | n/a | n/a | |||
| Conditional (-tara form) | Plain | netara 寝たら | nenakattara 寝なかったら | ||
| Polite | nemash*tara 寝ましたら | nemasen desh*tara 寝ませんでしたら | |||
| Potential | Plain | nerareru 寝られる | nerarenai 寝られない | ||
| Polite | neraremasu 寝られます | neraremasen 寝られません | |||
| Causative | Plain | nesaseru 寝させる | nesasenai 寝させない | ||
| Polite | nesasemasu 寝させます | nesasemasen 寝させません | |||
| Passive | Plain | nerareru 寝られる | nerarenai 寝られない | ||
| Polite | neraremasu 寝られます | neraremasen 寝られません | |||
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Example sentences for 寝
Related Kanji
寝 View 寝 Kanji details
Present Indicative
The indicative mood is for ordinary, objective statements of fact. The present tense is used for incomplete habitual actions as well as for future intentions
Conjugation guide Example sentences
Presumptive \ Volitional
Generally used to express probability, belief or intention.
| Fred wa, Nihon ni iku desho | Fred will probably go to Japan |
| Konban hayaku neyo | I'll probably go to bed early tonight |
Can also be used to express intention as in "Lets..."
| London ni ikimasho | Let's go to London |
| Sushi tabemasho | Let's eat Sushi! |
Imperative
For giving commands. Generally too abrupt for most situations other than telling off children or husbands but can be softened by adding "please" (kudasai)
| Koko ni kinasai kudasai | Come here please |
| Shinpai shinaide kudasai | Please don't worry |
| Ike | Go! |
Example sentences
Past Indicative
The past indicative mood is actions completed in the past (I ate, I worked etc) and also for the equivalent of the present perfect in English (I have eaten, I have worked etc)
Conjugation guide Example sentences
Past Presumptive
Generally used to express probability or belief regarding the past.
| Fred wa, Nihon ni iki mash*ta desho | Fred probably went to Japan |
| UltraMan 7 san wa, tsukareta desho | I suppose Ultraman 7 got tired |
Past Progressive \ Past Continuous
Used for past continuous action or state of being.
| Neko ga isu no ue de nete imash*ta | The cat was sleeping on the chair |
| Doa ga aite imash*ta | The door was open |
Example sentences
Present Progressive \ Present Continuous
Used for action in progress, continuous action, state of being. Also used to express the same meaning as the English present perfect.
Unlike English it cannot be used for future intention (tomorrow I'm eating out, I'm going out later etc)
| Tegame o kaite imasu | I'm writing a letter |
| Ima wa sushi tabete imasu | I'm eating sushi now |
Example sentences
Provisional (-eba form)
Used for the situations where "If" might be used in English.
| Ayumi Hamasaki aereba shiwase desu | If I meet Ayumi Hamasaki I'll be happy |
| Yasukereba kaimasu | If it's cheap I'll buy it |
Conditional (-tara form)
Used for wide range of conditional and if meanings, past occurence, hypothesis etc
| Ii hon wa dattara, kaimasu | If it was a good book I'd buy it |
| Takakatarra kaimasen | If it's expensive I won't buy it |
Potential
Expresses the idea of ability or cabability
| Fred san wa Nihongo o hanasemasu | Fred can speak Japanese |
| Tenisu ga dekimasu | I can play Tennis |
Example sentences
Causative
Expresses the idea of making or causing someone to do something. My mum made me clean my room etc
It can also mean "let" or "allow". Please let me play!
| Watakushi ni harawasete kudasai | Please let me pay |
| Musuko ni benkyo sasemash*ta | I made my son study |
Example sentences tagged "Permission"
Passive
The passive - like in English - is used when something is done to someone/something by someone/something else. My bag was stolen, He hit me etc
| Kuruma ga nusumaremash*ta | My car was stolen |
| Sono hon wa kyonen kakaremash*ta | The book was written last year |
The passive can also be used in a slightly different way in Japanese to express when something regrettable happens to someone. Eg. rather than saying Fred's mother died (Fred san no okasan shinimash*ta) the passive could be used to express regret over the situation: Fred san wa okasan ni shinarimash*ta
Example sentences
